1 引 言

在(zai)有(you)色金(jin)屬加工(gong)行業工(gong)程設(she)計(ji)(ji)中， 傳統(tong)(tong)的低壓配電(dian)(dian)的設(she)計(ji)(ji)基本(ben)上都采用放(fang)射(she)式電(dian)(dian)纜供(gong)電(dian)(dian)方式。 這(zhe)種(zhong)配電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的相對(dui)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)可(ke)靠性(xing)能高(gao)，但整個(ge)系統(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)用量很大，造價高(gao)。 近幾年隨著技術的進步、新型材料的開發(fa)研(yan)制、母線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)加工(gong)工(gong)藝的提高(gao)、國家對(dui)節能減排(pai)規范的要(yao)求，銅鋁(lv)復合母線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)作為性(xing)價比高(gao)，安全可(ke)靠的產(chan)品(pin)，逐漸在(zai)各工(gong)程領域廣(guang)泛使用。 在(zai)國內某大型鋁(lv)加工(gong)項目，我們改變(bian)傳統(tong)(tong)設(she)計(ji)(ji)思(si)路，在(zai)低壓配電(dian)(dian)設(she)計(ji)(ji)中嘗試使用這(zhe)一(yi)新型產(chan)品(pin)，在(zai)保(bao)證性(xing)能設(she)計(ji)(ji)要(yao)求的情況下，為用戶節省大量投(tou)資(zi)。

2 銅(tong)鋁復合(he)母線槽(cao)的性能銅(tong)鋁復合(he)母線槽(cao)相對銅(tong)母排(pai)、電纜有四大優勢：

（1）投資成本(ben)低(di)。 銅(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)復(fu)合(he)(he)母排(pai)(pai)把銅(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)兩種(zhong)優(you)(you)良導(dao)體(ti)(ti)的優(you)(you)勢集于一體(ti)(ti)，得到從分發揮，既(ji)達(da)到搞得導(dao)電率，保持了(le)(le)接觸電阻小，抗氧化能(neng)(neng)力強的特點，又(you)減輕了(le)(le)重(zhong)量，降低(di)了(le)(le)成本(ben)。 同等載(zai)(zai)流(liu)量的銅(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)復(fu)合(he)(he)排(pai)(pai)的價格是銅(tong)(tong)排(pai)(pai)的 60%。（2）安全性(xing)能(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)高。 鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金外殼(ke)具有良好的導(dao)電性(xing)能(neng)(neng)，其保護能(neng)(neng)力優(you)(you)“鋼外殼(ke)+獨立 PE 排(pai)(pai)”。 同時可(ke)增設在線(xian)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)溫控系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，隨(sui)時監控供(gong)電系(xi)統(tong)(tong)上母線(xian)槽連接點的溫度，避(bi)免過熱故障引起事故。（3）使用壽命長。 采(cai)用加(jia)強型鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)鎂(mei)合(he)(he)金型材外殼(ke)，有效的減小了(le)(le)渦流(liu)。 特殊的結構設計，加(jia)強了(le)(le)散熱和(he)剛度。 外殼(ke)陽極氧化，防腐性(xing)能(neng)(neng)強，屏(ping)蔽(bi)效果(guo)好，減少了(le)(le)諧波電流(liu)。（4）節能(neng)(neng)降耗。 在相同載(zai)(zai)流(liu)量下，銅(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)復(fu)合(he)(he)排(pai)(pai)比銅(tong)(tong)母排(pai)(pai)降低(di)能(neng)(neng)耗 15%。

3 工程設計實例

某大型鋁(lv)加(jia)工(gong)項目多個(ge)(ge)車(che)(che)間(jian)低壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統采用了銅(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)復合(he)(he)(he)母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)的(de)(de)(de)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)式， 取得了良好的(de)(de)(de)效果。 而在一(yi)些特(te)殊場(chang)合(he)(he)(he)，例如在超大型智(zhi)能(neng)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)庫(ku)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統中，效果尤(you)為(wei)突(tu)出。3.1 智(zhi)能(neng)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)庫(ku)基本情況該成品(pin)(pin)(pin)庫(ku)建筑面(mian)積 2.4 萬多 m2，是寬 30m，長(chang)(chang)(chang) 804m 的(de)(de)(de)單跨鋼結(jie)構廠(chang)(chang)房，是國內(nei)有色加(jia)工(gong)行(xing)業*大的(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)能(neng)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)庫(ku)。 為(wei)滿足(zu)(zu)高(gao)效率的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)流運輸， 德國 DEMAG 公司設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)了由 3 臺(tai)智(zhi)能(neng)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)和 2 臺(tai)手(shou)動天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)組 成 的(de)(de)(de) 吊 裝 運 輸系(xi) 統 ，5 臺(tai) 天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)在庫(ku)內(nei)通(tong)長(chang)(chang)(chang)運行(xing)，天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)主(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源均(jun)取自長(chang)(chang)(chang) 804m1250A 的(de)(de)(de)滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)。 智(zhi)能(neng)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)為(wei)雙鉤同(tong)時工(gong)作，每(mei)(mei)(mei)臺(tai)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)容(rong)量 200kW，手(shou)動天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)每(mei)(mei)(mei)臺(tai)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)容(rong)量 90kW，智(zhi)能(neng)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)庫(ku)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)總(zong)容(rong)量 780kW。3.2 智(zhi)能(neng)庫(ku)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)外(wai)(wai)(wai)方(fang)(fang)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)案由于智(zhi)能(neng)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)庫(ku)物(wu)料運輸的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)， 天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷率計(ji)(ji)算(suan)不能(neng)按一(yi)般廠(chang)(chang)房要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)， 為(wei)保證每(mei)(mei)(mei)臺(tai)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)都能(neng)在 800長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)車(che)(che)間(jian)全程運行(xing)， 滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)末端的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)降(jiang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)符合(he)(he)(he)外(wai)(wai)(wai)方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。 外(wai)(wai)(wai)方(fang)(fang)給出的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)案是：整個(ge)(ge)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she) 6 個(ge)(ge)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)點，每(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)(ge)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源為(wei) 1000A。 按照這樣的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，需(xu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)一(yi)組低壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)（4 個(ge)(ge)柜(ju)子(zi)），另(ling)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she) 6 個(ge)(ge)吊車(che)(che)開關(guan)箱(xiang)(xiang)。 這種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)案，不僅(jin)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)配置多的(de)(de)(de)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)總(zong)計(ji)(ji)需(xu)約 6240m 的(de)(de)(de)低壓(ya)動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan) YJV-0.6/11 （3×150+1×70）mm2，另(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)還要(yao)(yao)(yao)考(kao)慮設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)溝和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)橋架敷設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)， 大大的(de)(de)(de)增加(jia)了設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)投(tou)資和施(shi)工(gong)成本。3.4 應用母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)案針(zhen)對外(wai)(wai)(wai)方(fang)(fang)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)這些不足(zu)(zu)，我院(yuan)在設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)時，通(tong)過(guo)多方(fang)(fang)面(mian)研討(tao)，提出采用銅(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)復合(he)(he)(he)母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)案，母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)并排敷設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)，由母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)就(jiu)近(jin)向滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de) 6 個(ge)(ge)受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)點供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)采用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)連接，每(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)(ge)連接點線(xian)(xian)路長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)都在 1.5m 以內(nei)。 在保證的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)下，選用 1250A 的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)復合(he)(he)(he)母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)，母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)總(zong)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)~750m。 這種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)(fang)案只需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)低壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)，不需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)再設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she) 6 個(ge)(ge)天(tian)(tian)車(che)(che)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開關(guan)箱(xiang)(xiang)， 母(mu)(mu)線(xian)(xian)槽(cao)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)連接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。